E-ISSN 3026-930X
 
, Vol:
Current Volume ArchiveAims and ScopeAbstracting & Indexing
Required files to be uploaded

NJEAS TEMPLATE FOR AUTHORS_(v2r)_

Review Article 


Nanofluid-Based Thermal Management Systems for Electric Vehicles: A Comparative Framework for Performance and Efficiency

Abdulrahman Bala Gambo, Mohammed Liman Yerima, Muhammad Isah.


Abstract
Electric vehicles (EVs) are still widely used all over the world, yet the performance of these vehicles, their safety, and durability are limited by the lack of the ability to effectively thermal manage lithium-ion batteries, power electronics, and drive motors. The traditional cooling fluids used e.g. water and ethylene glycol are not able to effectively cool at high charging rates and under heavy load conditions. Nanofluids, which are designed suspensions of metallic nanoparticles, metal-oxide nanoparticles, and carbon nanoparticles, provide improved thermal conductivity, better convective cooling of heat and enhanced temperature homogeneity. This review has looked at the recent developments in nanofluid-based thermal management in EV applications, which include battery cooling, motor thermal management and compact heat exchanger design. A comparative framework is introduced to evaluate the trade-offs between thermal conductivity improvement, viscosity-induced pumping penalties, and system-level efficiency. Evidence from recent studies shows that hybrid nanofluids can improve heat transfer performance by 20–35% relative to traditional coolants, though stability and increased viscosity remain challenges. The review identifies promising pathways combining nanofluids with microchannel heat exchangers and adaptive control architectures. Future work should focus on low-viscosity nanoparticle formulations, long-term stability enhancement, and scalable manufacturing for commercial EV deployment.

Key words: The safety of batteries, Electric vehicles, Heat transfer, Nanofluids, Thermal management systems


 
ARTICLE TOOLS
Abstract
PDF Fulltext
How to cite this articleHow to cite this article
Citation Tools
Related Records
 Articles by Abdulrahman Bala Gambo
Articles by Mohammed Liman Yerima
Articles by Muhammad Isah
on Google
on Google Scholar


How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Gambo AB, Yerima ML, Isah M. Nanofluid-Based Thermal Management Systems for Electric Vehicles: A Comparative Framework for Performance and Efficiency. NJEAS. 2026; 3(2): -. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.282340

Web Style

Gambo AB, Yerima ML, Isah M. Nanofluid-Based Thermal Management Systems for Electric Vehicles: A Comparative Framework for Performance and Efficiency. https:///?mno=282340 [Access: August 25, 2026]. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.282340

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Gambo AB, Yerima ML, Isah M. Nanofluid-Based Thermal Management Systems for Electric Vehicles: A Comparative Framework for Performance and Efficiency. NJEAS. 2026; 3(2): -. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.282340


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Gambo AB, Yerima ML, Isah M. Nanofluid-Based Thermal Management Systems for Electric Vehicles: A Comparative Framework for Performance and Efficiency. NJEAS. (2026), [cited August 25, 2026]; 3(2): -. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.282340


Harvard Style

Gambo, A. B., Yerima, . M. L. & Isah, . M. (2026) Nanofluid-Based Thermal Management Systems for Electric Vehicles: A Comparative Framework for Performance and Efficiency. NJEAS, 3 (2), -. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.282340


Turabian Style

Gambo, Abdulrahman Bala, Mohammed Liman Yerima, and Muhammad Isah. 2026. Nanofluid-Based Thermal Management Systems for Electric Vehicles: A Comparative Framework for Performance and Efficiency. Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 3 (2), -. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.282340


Chicago Style

Gambo, Abdulrahman Bala, Mohammed Liman Yerima, and Muhammad Isah. "Nanofluid-Based Thermal Management Systems for Electric Vehicles: A Comparative Framework for Performance and Efficiency." Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science 3 (2026), -. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.282340


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Gambo, Abdulrahman Bala, Mohammed Liman Yerima, and Muhammad Isah. "Nanofluid-Based Thermal Management Systems for Electric Vehicles: A Comparative Framework for Performance and Efficiency." Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science 3.2 (2026), -. Print. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.282340


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Gambo, A. B., Yerima, . M. L. & Isah, . M. (2026) Nanofluid-Based Thermal Management Systems for Electric Vehicles: A Comparative Framework for Performance and Efficiency. Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 3 (2), -. doi:10.5455/NJEAS.282340


Author LoginReviewer LoginAbout Publisher

About Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Science

The Nile Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences publishes original peer-reviewed articles on fundamental and applied research and reviews ... Read more.



For best results, please use Internet Explorer or Google Chrome.

Contact Information


1. Prof. Abdulhameed Danjuma Mambo
   Editor-in-Chief
abdulhameed.mambo@nileuniversity.edu.ng
2. Dr. Adekunle Adeleke
    Associate Editor-in-Chief
    adekunle.adeleke@nileuniversity.edu.ng
3. Dr. Ifeyinwa Obianyo
Managing Editor
ifeyinwa.obianyo@nileuniversity.edu.ng